Label:Printed Electronics
Dec 25, 20243180
In the 1980s, when organic conductors and semiconductor materials were discovered, people saw the hope that information electronic devices in the future might be manufactured through printing. This is because organic materials can generally be prepared in solution form, giving them the features of printing inks.
Therefore, the most basic unit device of information electronic technology, transistors, can be prepared by printing conductors and semiconductor materials. Complex electronic systems can be reconstructed through transistors.
However, only a large class of organic small molecule materials has good electronic properties among organic electronic materials, and these organic small molecule materials must be prepared by vacuum evaporation to make electronic devices. The charge transport performance (charge mobility) of high-molecular organic electronic materials suitable for printing is always an order of magnitude worse than that of organic small molecule materials.
Printed electronics has really developed rapidly in recent years, because inorganic nanomaterials become popular. Inorganic nanomaterials have a charge mobility that is much higher than that of organic electronic materials.
Inorganic nanomaterials (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, etc.) can be easily made into ink, and then made into patterns by traditional printing. Nanomaterials give these patterns charge transfer properties, dielectric properties and optoelectronic properties, thereby making semiconductor devices, optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices.
Another reason for the booming development of printed electronics in recent years is that printed electronic devices have features different from silicon-based microelectronic devices. They have large size, good flexibility and low cost.
Although the size and performance of printed transistors are far inferior to silicon-based transistors, the advantages cannot be replaced by silicon-based integrated circuits.
Printed electronics is an emerging technology that is very close to application. People have attached great importance to printed electronics in recent years, because they see the prospect of this technology developing towards practical application and marketization. Therefore, the industry is more interested in printed electronics than the scientific and technological community.
Can printed electronics be industrialized? You may doubt it a few years ago. Organic electronic technology has been studied for more than 20 years, but has not been successful in the transformation to printed electronics. Organic electronic devices prepared by printing are not as good as those prepared by vacuum evaporation.
Inorganic nanomaterials bring hope to the industrialization of printed electronics. The synthesis technology of inorganic nanomaterials is already quite mature, and the material supply source is sufficient.
Many inorganic nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene and nanosilver, have much better electronic properties than existing organic electronic materials. The technology of treating inorganic nanomaterials into ink is much easier than exploring the synthesis of new high-performance organic electronic materials. Moreover, these inorganic nanomaterials have good environmental stability.
Of course, the excellent electrical properties of the above inorganic nanomaterials are only reflected in the monomer material, that is, a single carbon nanotube or a single piece of graphene. Once made into printable ink, the electrical properties of the printed nanomaterials will be greatly reduced. How to maintain original electrical properties of the nanomaterials after printing? It has become one of the focuses of printed electronics.
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